Decide whether you are chasing park or powder first, because Colorado splits cleanly. Breckenridge, Copper Mountain and Keystone are the park and pipe heartland with progression for every level, while Steamboat's glades, Vail's Back Bowls and Telluride's steeps are where you point a board after a storm. Breckenridge is the one mountain that does both well, which is why it leads.
Mind the altitude and the flats. Colorado resorts sit high, often above 9,000 feet at the base, so give yourself a day to acclimatise and drink more water than feels necessary. On the mountain, snowboarders pay a flat tax that skiers do not: scout trail maps for cat tracks and long runouts, and carry speed through the bowls at Vail and Steamboat so you are not unstrapping in the middle of a powder field.
Base yourself for the riding you want. Summit County (Breckenridge, Copper, Keystone) gives you three park mountains on one pass within a short drive, which is the best value cluster for a park trip. For freeride and trees, point at Steamboat or Telluride. Compare the wider scene in our Alps snowboarding guide and France for snowboarders, see the high snow days in the United States powder ranking, and read the local logistics in the Colorado region guide and United States overview.